The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food services has reported that, despite the control measures, approximately 200 pigs have died due to African Swine Fever (ASF), which was detected in neighboring Benin, near the border with Nigeria. The proximity between the two countries has raised concerns about the potential for the virus to spread across the border, prompting heightened surveillance and biosecurity efforts in affected regions.
African swine fever (ASF) is a viral disease of pigs and wild boar that causes high mortality in the affected animals. This virus is harmless to humans, but it causes significant socio-economic disruption in many countries. Areas affected by ASF suffer significant financial losses due to the loss of animals, restrictions on movements of pigs, wild boar and their products, and cost of control measures.
The Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Food Security of Nigeria has confirmed an outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF) in the Borgou Region of Benin Republic, a neighboring country to Nigeria on October 4th, 2024. Despite efforts to control the spread of the virus, approximately 200 pigs have died. Given the proximity of Benin to Nigeria, the Ministry has expressed concern over the high risk of cross-border transmission. To address this threat, they are urging immediate action, requesting the activation of Rapid Response Teams, alerting pig farmers, and intensifying both passive and active surveillance within Nigeria. The cooperation of all stakeholders is considered vital to protect Nigeria’s livestock industry from this potentially devastating disease, and the Ministry is seeking updates on any new cases or measures taken.
Considering the situation, pig farmers should be alert to the symptoms of African Swine Fever (ASF). according to the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) technical guidelines, the acute form of African Swine Fever (ASF) is characterized by high fever (40.5–42°C), severe symptoms like skin reddening, lethargy, vomiting, and a high mortality rate, often leading to death within 6 to 20 days. The subacute form presents milder signs, including slight fever and reduced appetite, with a mortality rate of 30–70% over 15 to 45 days. The chronic form exhibits symptoms such as weight loss and respiratory issues, developing over 2 to 15 months, with lower mortality rates and potential lifelong carriers.
Given the ongoing outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF) and the absence of any treatment or vaccine till the day, key recommendations for Nigeria's borders include the rapid slaughter of all infected pigs and the proper disposal of carcasses and litter. Thorough cleaning and disinfection are critical, along with the establishment of designated infected zones and strict control on pig movements. Conduct detailed epidemiological investigations to trace potential sources and implement ongoing surveillance in affected and surrounding areas to monitor for further outbreaks.
I'm an economist specializing in agricultural economics, agribusiness planning, bioeconomy, and renewable energy. My passion for writing fuels my goal to contribute to a more resilient and efficient agricultural system that balances economic profitability with environmental stewardship. Through my research, I aim to advocate for sustainable practices that benefit both farmers and the environment.
